What is Dynamic Pump?
The dynamic pump is a type of velocity pump in which kinetic energy is added to the fluid by increasing the flow velocity. This increase in energy is converted to a gain in potential energy (pressure) when the velocity is reduced prior to or as the flow exits the pump into the discharge pipe.
This conversion of kinetic energy to pressure is explained by the First law of thermodynamics, or more specifically by Bernoulli’s principle. Dynamic pumps are used for water supply and positive displacement pumps are used for foam.
Dynamic pumps can be further subdivided according to the means by which the velocity gain is achieved. These types of pumps have a number of characteristics:
- Continuous energy
- Conversion of added energy to increase in kinetic energy (increase in velocity)
- Conversion of increased velocity (kinetic energy) to an increase in pressure head
A practical difference between dynamic and positive-displacement pumps is how they operate under closed valve conditions. Positive-displacement pumps physically displace fluid, so closing a valve downstream of a positive-displacement pump produces a continual pressure build-up that can cause mechanical failure of the pipeline or pump.
Dynamic pumps differ in that they can be safely operated under closed valve conditions (for short periods of time).
Types of Dynamic Pumps
Dynamic pumps are classified into different types but some of them are discussed below like Centrifugal, Vertical centrifugal, Horizontal centrifugal, Submersible, and Fire hydrant systems.
1. Centrifugal Pumps
These types of pumps are most commonly used worldwide. The work is very simple, described well, and carefully tested. This pump is strong, efficient, and fairly cheap to make. Whenever the pump is in action, then the fluid pressure will increase from the inlet of the pump to its outlet. The change of pressure will drive the liquid throughout the system.
This kind of pump produces an enhancement within force by transmitting mechanical power from the electrical motor to the liquid throughout the revolving impeller. The flow of liquid will enter the center of the impeller and exit along with its blades. The centrifugal power hereby enhances the velocity of fluid & also the energy like kinetic can be altered to force.
2. Vertical Centrifugal Pumps
Vertical centrifugal pumps are also called cantilever pumps. These pumps use an exclusive shaft & maintain a design that permits the volume to fall within the pit as the bearings are external to the pit. This mode of pump utilizes no filling container to cover the shaft however in its place uses a throttle bushing. A parts washer is the common application of this kind of pump.
3. Horizontal Centrifugal Pumps
These types of pumps include a minimum of two otherwise more impellers. These pumps are utilized in pumping services. Every stage is fundamentally a divide pump.
All the phases are in a similar shelter & mounted on a similar shaft. On a solo horizontal shaft, a minimum of eight otherwise additional stages can be mounted. Every stage enhances the head by around an equal amount.
Multi-stage pumps can also be single otherwise double suction on the first impeller. All kinds of pumps have been provided as well as servicing this type of centrifugal pumps.
4. Submersible Pumps
These pumps are also named stormwater, sewage, and septic pumps. The applications of these pumps mainly include building services, domestic, industrial, commercial, rural, municipal, & rainwater recycle applications.
These pumps are apt for shifting stormwater, subsoil water, sewage, black water, greywater, rainwater, trade waste, chemicals, bore water, and foodstuffs.
The applications of these pipes mainly include different impellers like closed, contra-block, vortex, multi-stage, single-channel, cutter, otherwise grinder pumps. For different applications, there is an extensive selection is accessible which includes high flow, low flow, low head, otherwise high head.
5. Fire Hydrant Systems
Fire hydrant pump systems are also named hydrant boosters, fire pumps, & firewater pumps. These are high-force water pumps intended to enhance the capacity of firefighting of construction by increasing the force within the hydrant service as mains are not sufficient. The applications of this system mainly include irrigation as well as water transfer.
Advantages of Dynamic Pump
- These pumps have small sizes.
- They need a short space for installation.
- They have less cost.
- The maintenance of a dynamic pump is easy as compared to the positive displacement pump.
- They can control low to medium viscosity fluids.
- They can work with low head to medium head.
Disadvantages of Dynamic Pump
- These pumps have shaft misalignment problems.
- They have issues related to impeller damage.
- Wear a ring of this pump damage in a brief period.
- They have seal ring damage problems.
- The bearings of these pumps damage very quickly due to overshooting.
Applications of Dynamic Pump
- Dynamic pumps are used for water supply.
- These pumps are widely using for pumping crude oil.
- They operate in the chemical industry.
- They use for commercial and household applications.
- These pumps use in the food industry
- These pumps widely used in fire protection industries.
- They use for cellulose, petrochemical, hydrocarbons, paint, and beverage production.
